The vast majority of an atom’s properties are determined by the number of electrons (or protons) that an atom has.
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What does the number after an atom’s name signify?
Atomic Number: the number of protons in the nucleus (which is the same as the number of electrons in the atom). Name: the element’s common name. Symbol: a one or two letter symbol that represents the element. These internationally-used symbols are abbreviations for the common name or the Latin name of the element.
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Which contributes more to an atom’s mass electrons or protons?
The protons contribute far more to an atom’s mass: one proton weighs about 2000 times more than one electron and there are equal numbers of protons and electrons in any neutral atom. The electrons contribute far more to the atom’s size: the diameter of the atom is about 10000 times the nuclear diameter.
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Is most of an atom’s volume filled with matter?
The nucleus contains the majority of an atom’s mass because protons and neutrons are much heavier than electrons, whereas electrons occupy almost all of an atom’s volume.
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What kind of reaction is used for building disaccharides?
The monosaccharide glucose can be used as a building block for more complex sugars and carbohydrates. Two glucose molecules can be linked together through a dehydration synthesis reaction to form a disaccharide called maltose.
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What is most of an atom’s volume filled with?
The nucleus is the atom’s central core and contains more than 99.9 percent of its mass. Surrounding the nucleus is a cloud of electrons, which makes up most of the atom’s volume.
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Is the volume of the atom mostly filled with matter or empty space?
Although, by volume, an atom is mostly empty space, dominated by the electron cloud, the dense atomic nucleus, responsible for only 1 part in 10^15 of an atom’s volume, contains ~99.95% of an atom’s mass.
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Are atoms really mostly empty space?
While atoms are indeed mostly empty space, the void is filled with the electromagnetic fields generated by the electrons within the atom.
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What is the volume of an atom?
Atomic volume can be defined as the total space acquired by one mole of an element in its solid form. It can be calculated by finding out the ratio between the gram atomic weight and the density of the concerned element in solid state. Atomic volume=gram atomic weightdensity of atom in solid formcm3mol−1.
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What type of reaction forms disaccharides?
Disaccharides form when two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration reaction (a condensation reaction); they are held together by a covalent bond. Sucrose (table sugar) is the most common disaccharide, which is composed of the monomers glucose and fructose.
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What type of reaction is used to make disaccharides and polysaccharides?
Simple sugar molecules (monosacchirides) can be combined to form larger sugar molecules called disaccharides or even polysacchirides. This reaction in which the simple sugars combine to form larger ones is known as condensation.
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What is the process of making a disaccharide?
Disaccharides are formed by joining pairs of various monosaccharides via α- or β-glycosidic bonds. A hemiacetal hydroxyl group formed from the oxygen of the carbonyl group (−C=O) always participates in the formation of these bonds. In certain cases, all the carbonyl groups in the molecule are used.
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What type of chemical reaction is needed to break disaccharides apart?
As disaccharides travel through the body they are broken down into simple sugars, or monosaccharides, by a process called hydrolysis. This process is facilitated by enzymes called maltases, sucrases, and lactases.
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What does the atomic number of an atom represent?
The number of protons in a nucleus is called the atomic number and always equals the number of electrons in orbit about that nucleus (in a nonionized atom). Thus, all atoms that have the same number of protons–the atomic number–are atoms of the same element.
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What does the number of protons in an atom represent?
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is its atomic number (Z). This is the defining trait of an element: Its value determines the identity of the atom. For example, any atom that contains six protons is the element carbon and has the atomic number 6, regardless of how many neutrons or electrons it may have.
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What does the mass number tell us?
The nucleon number (or mass number) of an atom is the total number of protons and neutrons it contains. The nucleon number of an atom is never smaller than the proton number. It can be the same, but is usually bigger.
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What number indicates the nucleus?
The atomic number designates the number of protons in an element’s nucleus and because that determines its electronic structure, its chemical behavior.
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What contributes to the atom’s mass?
Together, the number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element’s mass number: mass number = protons + neutrons. If you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has, you can simply subtract the number of protons, or atomic number, from the mass number.
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Which contributes most to the atoms volume?
The nucleus is the atom’s central core and contains more than 99.9 percent of its mass. Surrounding the nucleus is a cloud of electrons, which makes up most of the atom’s volume.
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Which contributes most to the mass of an atom the nucleus or the electrons?
The nucleus makes up much less than . 01% of the volume of the atom, but typically contains more than 99.9% of the mass of the atom. The chemical properties of a substance are determined by the negatively charged electrons enshrouding the nucleus.
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